Mitosis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Data - Essay Example One explanation, the focal point of my discourse today, is the unique insurance that baseball (Major League Baseball) has been managed by Congress. This insurance comes as antitrust law and, to a huge surviving, protects proprietors and other intrigued partners from rivalry inside the baseball business. As an underlying issue, it is critical to characterize what is implied by antitrust law, a point as often as possible unfamiliar to baseball enthusiasts. Antitrust law is an umbrella assignment that incorporates various laws managing reasonable rivalry; all the more explicitly, on the grounds that America considers itself a free market entrepreneur economy, there exist various laws intended to forestall such things as imposing business models and uncalled for strategies for rivalry. For some odd reason, baseball has for a long while been excluded from various antitrust laws. As expressed by Bartee, â€Å"professional sports are a common case of a respective cartel comprised of club proprietors and unionized players occupied with intrastate and interstate trade. The club proprietors practice imposing business model force in the item market† (2008: n.p.). Baseball, similar to steel or farming in specific regards, is a secured industry. It's anything but a restraining infrastruct ure as such yet a serious cartel in which proprietors contend with the unionized players. We read constantly about rivalry among proprietors and players. There are contradictions about such things as free office, pay tops, and aggregate dealing understandings. The incongruity is that while the proprietors and the players frequently exchange allegations about the other utilizing unreasonable techniques or misdirecting monetary recipes actually both receive the benefits of a non-serious industry in light of the antitrust exclusion allowed to Major League Baseball by the United States Congress. Likewise, in a 1972 case called Kuhn v. Flood and chosen by the United States Supreme Court, it was additionally concluded that â€Å"baseball and its hold framework are likewise absolved from state antitrust

Retail Internationalisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Retail Internationalization - Essay Example Retailers like Marks and Spencer, Next, Arcadia, Debenhams, Asda, Tesco, Bhs, New Look and John Lewis are renowned in the UK for attire retail internationalization. This paper assesses the main factors behind the internationalization of retailers in the UK from dress viewpoint. It likewise gives the significant reasons making these retailers move past the residential market and look for circumstances globally. Retailers around the work have been progressively moving towards internationalization looking for better business openings. This is particle specific on the ascent among UK retailers that have moved towards remote markets at a quick rate in the course of the most recent couple of decades. Retail internationalization is significant for getting idea, sourcing and operational turn of events. It further gives surprising opportunities to develop and sparkle. Because of internationalization, gathering of data likewise happens. It is extremely hard to get every one of these offices without moving outside (Akehurst and Alexander, 1996). There happen to be a few factors that either push organizations from local market or pull them towards internationalization. These elements could be as prohibitive condition, soaked market and high rivalry in home market. Above all, the development openings in the global market alongside less extreme rivalry and social vicinity, significantly pull in retailer s to new outside business sectors. Organizations go for retail internationalization on account of its points of interest. The retailers that have gone for internationalization and opened their branches or establishment or fare in remote nations increase a few advantages. They get familiar with a great deal about the specific market, they develop their source and take the innovative and different points of interest to develop and make due in the market. One reason behind an organization to go abroad market is the inaccessibility of development openings in the home market. (Treadgold, 2000) The organizations restricted to the local market don't progress in the business in a similar way when contrasted with those that will in general travel to another country. Debenhams, one of the main worldwide dress retailers in UK, has accomplished potential development in the course of the most recent four years. The organization went for internationalization for development and flourishing. The organization had been confronting cha llenges in the old neighborhood. It began to internationalize from 1990 and went into the Middle East market and afterward went to Malaysia and Hungary and so on during the time of internationalisation the organization made wonderful progress (Jones, 2003) Push factors impacting retail internationalization are the offices that are not accessible in the old neighborhood. These elements might be less expensive work, land or the chances, which are not accessible in the nearby markets. Different elements might be the economic situations for example administrative condition, political and financial conditions and so forth in which the endurance of an organisation is troublesome (Dawson, 1994). The organizations working together in the global market are generally looking for place where the business could amplify its benefits with least hazard and speculation. The intention behind various retailers to go into different markets might be extraordinary, contingent upon the retailer and the market the business

Who conducted more skilful Foreign policy an Example by

Who led progressively skilful Foreign arrangement? Toward the finish of nineteenth and start of twentieth century, international strategy was pressing inquiry for USA as well as for some European nations. Particularly those which had provinces in Pacific district, South America and Eastern or Central Asia. Lords or presidents were attempting to have impact over states and were either battling with them or supporting, sending troops or actualizing import levies, and so on. Need paper test on Who directed progressively skilful Foreign approach? theme? We will compose a custom exposition test explicitly for you Continue While dissecting international strategy of McKinley and Cleveland, not to overlook that their administrations have been directed during testing monetary conditions: crash of securities exchange and despondency in 1893 (start of Clevelands administration). To have developing economy, political steadiness and lead viable international strategy - is capacity of few out of every odd president. Be that as it may, arrangements that every president needed to manage - either prudent or political - requested from them two the accompanying aptitudes: high close to home estimations, strategies and capacity to achieve objective viably. Students Often Tell EssayLab professionals:How much do I need to pay somebody to compose my task today?Specialists suggest: Professionals Are Creating Successful College Custom Essays!Best Essay Writing Service Get Paid To Write Essays For Students Pay Someone to do Your Assignment Essay Writer Service To some broaden, McKinley and Cleveland were handy in their international strategy, yet every one of them were utilizing various sorts of its accomplishment. From one side, past administration of Cleveland, encouraged McKinely to direct his international strategy. For example - Hawaii. As per Philip Kunhardt, extension of Hawaii was one of significant issues of Clevelands international strategy and bombed for the most part due to inappropriate work of US representative John Sterens. Be that as it may, from the opposite side, for McKinley, extension of Hawaii was not just foundation of US security in Pacific. As to me, he utilized Clevelands disappointment of Hawaiian extension and along these lines his international strategy profited. To be sure, this is an ability worth taking note. From this scene we get another judgment about presidents and directed international strategies: they conveyed a power and pushed forward presented objectives in an unexpected way. I believe that to avoid the war is an aptitude moreover. Capable arrangement is the one, which doesn't require careless loss of different people groups lives. In my understanding, McKinleys international strategy has been progressively forceful that Clevelands. As a matter of fact, McKinley was the one, who began period of global development of USA and establishes its continuation until today (ongoing Iraqi emergency). Cleveland didn't include nation into the war and this is extremely solid contention. In any case, note, that despite the fact that his approach was less provocative, he had suggestions towards insurgence in Cuba in 1985. During his cadency, McKinley was the person who drove United States into the universal war since 1812 (War with Spain over Cuba). Obviously, US didn't authoritatively pronounce about their arrangements to add Cuba, however this recently framed nation consequently fall under US protectorate just as other previous Spanish states: Philippines, Puerto Rico and Guam. Thusly in this issue of international strategy every president had made his commitment, yet at the same time, Clevelands approach was not all that forceful and along these lines increasingly capable. My next contention is to help Clevelands international strategy once more. This model relates likewise to the presidents capacity of monitoring current worldwide occasions and considering. During Venezuelan Boundary Dispute, Richard Olney (previous lawyer general and secretary of state since 1985) expanded impact of United States in Latin America at Britains cost. At the point when question emerged, US squeezed Britain to consent to assertion over this issue and as London had been included as of now into emergency in Africa - this issue was settled emphatically for Venezuela. McKinley thus, has sent during his administration 2,000 soldiers to China to assist the Europeans with struggling with Boxer Rebellion and mediated Nicaragua twice. When considering United States back toward the finish of nineteenth century I reach resolution that Clevelands international strategy has been led with more noteworthy development and attentiveness. I likewise consider Clevelands international strategy to be progressively handy, yet comprehend that this contention could be dubious too. In any case, on the off chance that we think according to current perspective, we may find that this unskillful arrangement of McKinley have carried us to progressively fruitful results United States as new incredible domain on the universes stage. Every one of the a man can seek after during his lifetime [is] to set a model, William McKinley had once stated, and, when he's dead, to be a motivation for history. Rundown of references: Gibney, Frank Is President Bush Repeating McKinley's Mistake in the Philippines? History News Network. 28 July 2003. George Mason University. 19 May 2004. Gomez, Mazimo, Gomes sends a letter to U.S. President Grover Cleveland The Timetable History of Cuba. Feb.9, 1897. History of Cuba. 19 May 2004.

How Height Affects Time Taken for A Falling Object to Reach Ground Level Essay Example for Free

How Height Affects Time Taken for A Falling Object to Reach Ground Level Essay Presentation: In this examination, how tallness will influence the time taken for a steel metal roller to arrive at the ground will be researched. It is was Isaac Newton that initially found gravity and composed laws characterizing it. His Second Law of Motion expresses that the Resultant Force on an article (F) is equivalent to the Mass of the body (m) times its increasing speed (an), or . The weight (W) of a body is the power of gravity following up on it, which gives it speeding up (g) on the off chance that it is falling uninhibitedly near the earths surface. In the event that the body was to have a mass (m) Newtons second Law of Motion could ascertain its weight. Given that and Newtons Law becomes . In April of 2003, in a strategy like that, which will be directed in this examination, the speeding up of gravity was closed to be 9.81. Utilizing the information referenced over, a few condition of movement have been made. One especially pertinent to this examination is . In this condition: S = Distance in meters (For this situation stature) u = Initial speed in * t = Time Taken in a flash a = Acceleration in ** * As the ball starts its tumble from rest, its underlying speed, u, will be 0 ** As the ball is falling under increasing speed because of gravity, = 9.81 Plan: In this examination, since the way to figure air opposition and grating are inaccessible, they will be overlooked. Increasing speed because of gravity and the strategy by which the examination will be done are controlled factors. The range from which the ball is dropped is the free factor, for example the variable that is changed and the needy variable is the time taken for the ball to arrive at the ground. It is anticipated that as the range from which the ball is dropped diminishes, the time taken for the ball to arrive at the ground will likewise diminish. A genuine arrangement of anticipated qualities can be anticipated from the previous notice Equations of Motion. This line of the condition can be identified with the straight-line diagram condition , (the angle) and . At the point when the ball is dropped from 0.00m, it takes 0.00seconds to arrive at the ground as this will imply that the diagram will go through the root so . On the other hand: . Utilizing the above conditions, the normal outcomes for the examination are: Tallness H, (m) Time t, (secs) Time squared t2, (secs2) 1.0 0.452 0.204 0.9 0.428 0.183 0.8 0.404 0.163 0.7 0.378 0.143 0.6 0.350 0.123 0.5 0.319 0.102 0.4 0.288 0.082 0.3 0.247 0.061 0.2 0.202 0.041 0.1 0.143 0.020 0.0 0.000 0.000 This is the thing that the normal chart of Height versus time should resemble: Tallness (m) Time (secs) The accompanying page shows what the normal diagram for Height versus time2 should resemble. It is a straight line going through the root, in this way demonstrating the expectation . The normal inclination, m, ought to be equivalent to 1/2 g, or, 4.905ms-2. It is really 4.926ms-2, which is just 0.021 ms-2 out or 0.428%. This is most likely because of the adjusting of decimal spots when attracting the diagram and human blunder plotting the focuses (for example not actually exact to 3 decimal spots.) Contraption Diagram: Wellbeing: As there is an insignificant hazard in this examination, no security estimates should be taken. It is intended to fail from a tallness of 1m and abatement in interims of 0.1m. At every tallness 5 readings will be recorded and afterward the mean outcome will be determined. This makes the outcomes progressively solid (and better for use in count like working out g or the mass of the steel ball.) The Results will be recorded in a table this way: Stature (cm) Time taken for ball to arrive at ground (seconds) Mean Result Mean Result2 first second third fourth fifth 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 00 It is trusted that a diagram of tallness versus the mean outcomes squared will be delivered like that on page 4. In the diagram, it is wanted to demonstrate that the time-taken-for-a-ball2 to fall is legitimately relative to the tallness it is dropped from, for example . Getting Evidence: Tallness (cm) Time taken for ball to arrive at ground (seconds) Mean Result Mean Result2 first second third fourth fifth 100 0.456 0.454 0.458 0.454 0.454 0.455 0.207 90 0.432 0.431 0.431 0.432 0.432 0.432 0.186 80 0.406 0.407 0.406 0.407 0.406 0.406 0.165 70 0.380 0.382 0.382 0.383 0.381 0.382 0.146 60 0.353 0.354 0.354 0.354 0.354 0.354 0.125 50 0.323 0.323 0.322 0.322 0.322 0.322 0.104 40 0.289 0.288 0.293 0.289 0.287 0.289 0.084 30 0.252 0.251 0.251 0.250 0.251 0.251 0.063 20 0.208 0.207 0.206 0.206 0.206 0.207 0.043 10 0.150 0.150 0.150 0.150 0.151 0.150 0.023 00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Charts: In the accompanying pages, the outcomes recorded in the above table will be appeared as line diagrams. This will make it simpler to recognize a pattern in the outcomes. It is likewise a proper strategy for recording the data and is helpful for speedy reference; additionally if the ideal opportunity for the ball to fall is wanted from a stature other than the ones indicated in the table, the worth can be acquired from the chart. End: The general patterns from the diagrams appear, as anticipated; when the range from which the ball was dropped diminished, the time taken for the ball to arrive at the ground likewise diminished. In the diagram of Height versus Time2,, it is demonstrated that Height is legitimately corresponding to Time2. The purpose behind this is gotten from one of the Equations of Motion: , from this condition underneath, it was indicated that . The last line of the above condition can be identified with the straight-line chart condition . , (the inclination) and . C can be disregarded as the line in the chart passes the y-hub at the orgin. Generally: . H = S = The tallness in meters from which the ball was dropped. = The time in seconds that the ball took to land. a = g = The quickening because of the gravitational draw of the earth. Note: The factor that influenced the speeding up was g, (which, on earth, is ) is the mass of the planet, for Earth this is steady. The consequences of the examination are steady with the forecast. The relationship of was demonstrated in the similitude of the charts on page 4 8, they had nearly precisely the same angle, just 0.072ms-2 in distinction (or 1.462%) it was additionally fundamentally the same as the numerical expectation of the inclination (1/2g) again just 0.051 ms-2 out. Assessment: In this examination, all outcomes are held to be truly dependable. At the point when the information was being gathered, modern innovation was utilized which estimated time precisely and dependably to the closest thousandth of a second. Every single recorded outcome were in exceptionally nearness of one another, with the goal that 0.006seconds was the most extreme distinction watched. There were no irregularities watched. All focuses on the chart on page 8 are not just near the line of best fit, they are very it. The outcomes in this examination are accepted to be entirely solid; thus no progressions should be made to the method.

Managing the Development of Small Business Ventures - Free Essay Example

Manage the development of small business ventures Task 1 1.1 Assess the implications of inflation on Burger King’s business operations. a) Increase in Price: Due to the inflation BK has to increase the price of its food products. Due to increased price Burger King can put them into the problem by losing the customers or decreasing their profit. b) High operation Cost: Due to inflation the price of the raw material could be high and it will result in increase cost of sale. 1) Eating the cost 2) Skimping on the product or 3) Risk losing customers by raising the price None of these options are good ones but this is the consequence of operating in a country with an unemployment rate of 9.7 percent. 1.2 Assess the implications of interest rate on Sak Strandbag’s business operations.: a) Less income for buyers:- Due to rise in interest rate the buyer will have less income to spend due to more money is going to interest to bank. b) Decrease the sale:- Due to less moneyin the economypeople will spend money on their basic which will affect the sale of sak Strandbag 1.3 Assess the implications of unemployment on Max Hamburger Restaurants business operations if they were to set up in New Zealand. : Lack of money: If the Max Hamburger restaurant starts their business in New Zealand it will not be successful as there is lack of money to spend among people which can affect the business. Cheap Labour: Due to the rise in the unemployment rate there will be no money with the people. This will make people work on the cheaper rates and thus affect hugely on employees pay rates. 1.4 Assess the implications of investment spending on the business operations of Salvador’s Kiwi Food and Beverage Co. Through the investment of $100000 the business has grown for a small speciality coffee bar/restaurant to a thriving business supporting 13 employees and a second outlet. The concentration on quality service and staff welfare has generated a second business with potential to expand further and give quarter returns to the four original investors. 1.5 Assess the implications of business confidence on the business operations of Glossy Pink. Increase in business: -Business confidence increase will increase the investment which will help to increase in the business Increase in jobs: Due to the increase in business pink will need more people which will increase the jobs in the market. 1.6 Assess the possible implications of share market fluctuation on business operations of JVR. Stock market fluctuations are when a companys stock price changes in the market. On one hand, a companys stock price has no direct effect on a company, unless the company wants to raise more money by selling stock into the market. In that case, the current stock price determines how much money they will be able to raise when they sell shares into the market. Once the shares are sold into the market, however, the company is no longer affected directly by the share price. 1.7 Assess the implications of the following economic indicators to the business operations of Wing Zone: 1) Credit Availability: Lack of credit history may affect applications for capital investment expansions however a strong presentation highlighting the company’s rapid growth and success to date should go some way to offsetting that negative factor. 2. Gross Domestic Product (GDP): The gross domest ic product (GDP) is one the primary indicators used to gauge the health of a countrys economy. It represents the total dollar value of all goods and services produced over a specific time period you can think of it as the size of the economy. New Zealand population growing so Manufacture of Pizza will also grow the demand of the Pizza of grow. 3. National Income: The decrease in the national income means that the market is still growing but not to that extent. Wing Zone has to make a plan to come back strongly in the market. If Wing Zone comes up with a new strategy to overcome the loss in the business they can make a comeback in the market. 4. Money supply: Reserve bank restrictions on many supply may restrict on money supply may restrict or slow down the availability of funds for business expansion. 5. International Trade: To grow on international level it is important to have all the basic information regarding the foreign market. To grow globally Wing Zone has to consi der strategies made by McDonalds and the Burger king. They need to have details regarding competitors and demand of the people. 6. International Market Fluctuation: International market fluctuation effect the stock market. They also affect a small business. 7. Fluctuation Currency Fluctuation risk on the foreign Exchange their price will low and high they most effect on the small business. The small businesses set up their price for product according to nation’s currency but when it fluctuates it creates problem for small business operators. 8. Balance of Payment: Balance of payments accounts are an accounting record of all monetary transactions between a country and the rest of the world. These transactions include payments for the countrys exports and imports of goods, services, financial capital, and financial transfers Task 2 2.1 Disposable Income: Disposable income is total personal income minus personal current taxes. In national accounts definitions, per sonal income, minus personal current taxes equals disposable personal income. They started a small business it is very hard to save amount because they need a best employers to work and best product goes to market and they also need a promotion like advertisement on TV, Newspaper, Magazines, Etc. 2.2 Population Trends: In population Trend How many people drink a beer and how many people drink a wine in their life. Youth Generation not drink a wine 18-24 aged represent only 6% of wine consumed. But there is different choice in the market to buy a wine and beers choice available. 2.3 Building Permits: Building permit is a permit required in most jurisdictions for new construction, or adding on to pre-existing structures, and in some cases for major renovations. Generally, the new construction must be inspected during construction and after completion to ensure compliance with national, regional, and local building codes. Failure to obtain a permit can result in significant fines and penalties, and even demolition of unauthorized construction if it cannot be made to meet code. 2.4 Business/Industry Surveys According to the survey most people like to drink wine by type of variety and brand. 37% of wine drinkers they often ask to retailers for a recommendation on wine. Task 3 3.1 What are the implications of whanau, hapu and iwi to the small business operations of Bio farm Productions Ltd? Bio farm Products is a company regards their business as being Maori. In business all member of business is not Maori. Some People have different country and different culture. But Maori give them an immense of pride, which turns give them harmony and peace to the business. Because family decide how is employ and all other decision taken by they belong to Whanau. Task 4 Small Business Life Cycle Characteristic of the Business Activity During this cycle Description of related Business Activity Under Taken During the Cycle Management Strategies Short and long range plan Start up In this cycle we conceptualizing the business, Planning, market testing etc. Information gathering, creative thinking, identified the target market. Define the business and vision: Write the goals like short term and long term, completion. During the start up the business just focusing on customers and product. Growth Sale are growing up, Product is growing in popularity, regular customer and increasing income. Business improvement, retaining and recruiting talent Creating customer focused strategies. At this stage we set two goal short term goal and long term goal. Maturity Operation smoothly with minimal supervision Review the plans and watch out for new ideas to expand the business Review your mission/vision regarding the business. At this stage we consider completion and achieving our goals which we set up in start up stage. Saturation At this stage this business is running smooth and giving good outcome. Needs to watch out for the new plans to keep the business running without have enough from business or can have a break from the business to freshen yourself up. Try to increase the earning of the organisation and challenge yourself. Short time to getting yourself out of point of estuations, Long term plans are to plan ahead to brighten the future up. Decline Sales are falling, losing market share and fewer employees leaving the company. See ways to revive the business, seeking for help. Visualize a plan venturing out or merging into another famous brand We try to recover our weakness and try to stay in the business and make others goals. Task 5 5.1 Formulate at least two (2) different problem solving techniques or approaches you could use to identify and define a business problem when it occurs and to generate and then evaluate various solutions to business problems. Internal Evaluation: Can have the meeting with the staff to find out the reason of the problem, give them the instructions to follow and perform the work in the correct way. External Evaluation: Have to identify the reason of sales which are going down at that stage and need to look for on the market position, Can take a professional assistance to find the reason of the problem and can take advice from professional finance advisor to find out the reason. 5.2 Identify how the following decision-making techniques could help in making a decision about which options to choose to solve the problem. 5.2.1 Break-even: The break-even is the point at which cost or expenses and revenue are equal: there is no net loss or gain, and one has broken ev en. A profit or a loss has not been made, although opportunity costs have been paid, and capital has received the risk-adjusted, expected 5.2.2 Decision tree: A decision tree is a decision support tool that uses a tree-like graph or model of decisions and their possible consequences, including chance event outcomes, resource costs, and utility. It is one way to display an algorithm. 5.2.3 Pay off approach:In the payoff approach technique we use cash flow scenarios to model the future. That data can be used which is already available in the company. 5.2.4 Professional assistance: Professional assistance is the help from a qualified professional who is not a member of the business group, he is an expert to provide professional assistance for the business where is required. 5.2.5 Group decision-making: Conduct a meeting with all member of organization. Solve the problem on this meeting. Every member names and priority issues and ranks it’s according to the work. 5.2.6 Cultural consensus methods: Cultural knowledge is shared and systematically distributed. A good decision is one which has taken into the different culture of all the member of the group. 5.3 MAORI Cultural consensus method: -In this method we can share their knowledge. A good decision is one which has taken into the different culture of all the member of the group. Group decision making: They conduct a meeting with all member of organization. Solve the problem on this meeting. Every member names and priority issues and ranks it’s according to the work. 5.4.2 Out-of-control growth A successful business is ruined by over-expansion. This would include moving into markets that are not as profitable, experiencing growing pains that damage the business, or borrowing too much money in an attempt to keep growth at a particular rate. 5.4.3 Operational inefficiencies: Paying too much rent, labour, and materials. Not having the tenacity or stomach to negotiate term s that are reflective of todays economy may leave a company uncompetitive. 5.4.4 Dysfunctional management: Lack of focus, vision, planning, standards and everything that goes in good management. Throw fighting partners or unhappy relatives into the mix, and the business is a disaster. 5.5 A declining market: The annual industry revenues are steadily declining because of the saturation of the market, the decrease in the market size, or the due to the introduction of a service, product or a technology from huge companies with more buying power and advertising dollars.

Engaging Narrative Essay Examples About Birthday Present

Narrative Essay Example on Birthday Present Introduction It was an early morning. Car noises, hum of the small factory in the distance and screams of the children who lived nearby had not filled the street. The sun was still gentle and friendly. Its blazing rays did not make everyone look for a shade, but were simply coloring the white walls of the kitchen in soft yellow. My parents were standing in front of me and smiling. My dad was wearing a bright cap and my mom was holding my birthday present. That should have been a perfect birthday for a six-year-old child, but it was not.

The Lifestyle Theory Free Essay Example, 1500 words

A person having a highly active lifestyle are prone to greater victimization since they tend to mix with greater number of people irrespective of whether they are good or bad, having no proper knowledge of their intentions. Hence victimization may be influenced. However the criminal victimization also depends on the individual’s incapability of not being able to predict the wrongdoers and the incorrect activities that might lead to crimes (Robinson, n.d. ). With the active lifestyles of individuals, particularly among the youth, there are greater risks of exposures to offenders in a society. This has been more associated with the assaults and criminal activities from strangers. For example, parental violence might also lead younger individuals to perform crimes. However such activities or crimes cannot be associated with the lifestyle theory. Lifestyle theory discusses about the cases where individuals spend large amounts of time out of their homes, with strangers, even at th e time of night and become prone to criminal victimization (Finkelhor & Asdigian, 1996, pp. 3-4). As studies of the FBI reveals, crime is an ever increasing problem in countries like America. The study of the policymakers are focused on the victims since only understanding the nature of the crimes and the criminals have not provided any solutions to the prevailing problems related to crimes. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lifestyle Theory or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now There are cases of crimes where an individual is victimized owing to his/her presence at the wrong place at a wrong time. However, in many other cases, individuals possessed and expressed activities that made them the active targets to criminal activities (Krejny, 1999, pp. 1-2). This is where the lifestyle theory may be associated with the victimization of individuals towards activities of crimes. When individuals are parts of a society or a community, there are certain roles and expectations that are expected to be fulfilled by them. These behaviors and roles however vary from individual to individual. Also, with gradual changes in the social structures and the roles and expectation, individuals tend to get hold of newer skills and outlooks enabling them to adapt to the constraints of the society. With such developments, individuals also develop their concepts and understanding of crime and the fear of criminal activities. Thus constraints and restrictions in behaviors are often incorporated in their lifestyles creating several limitations. This gives an understanding of how and why lifestyles vary among different people.

A Complete List of Shakespeare’s Plays

Scholars of Elizabethan drama believe that William Shakespeare wrote at least 38 plays between 1590 and 1612. These dramatic works encompass a wide range of subjects and styles, from the playful A Midsummer Nights Dream to the gloomy Macbeth. Shakespeares plays can be roughly divided into three genres—comedies, histories, and tragedies—though some works, such as The Tempest and The Winters Tale, straddle the boundaries between these categories. Shakespeares first play is generally believed to be Henry VI Part I, a history play about English politics in the years leading up to the Wars of the Roses. The play was possibly a collaboration between Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe, another Elizabethan dramatist who is best known for his tragedy Doctor Faustus. Shakespeares last play is believed to be The Two Noble Kinsmen, a tragicomedy co-written with John Fletcher in 1613, three years before Shakespeares death. Shakespeares Plays in Chronological Order The exact order of the composition and performances of Shakespeare’s plays is difficult to prove—and therefore often disputed. The dates listed below are approximate and based on the general consensus of when the plays were first performed: Henry VI Part I (1589–1590)Henry VI Part II (1590–1591)Henry VI Part III (1590–1591)Richard III (1592–1593)The Comedy of Errors (1592–1593)Titus Andronicus (1593–1594)The Taming of the Shrew (1593–1594)The Two Gentlemen of Verona (1594–1595)Love’s Labour’s Lost (1594–1595)Romeo and Juliet (1594–1595)Richard II (1595–1596)A Midsummer Night’s Dream (1595–1596)King John (1596–1597)The Merchant of Venice (1596–1597)Henry IV Part I (1597–1598)Henry IV Part II (1597–1598)Much Ado About Nothing (1598–1599)Henry V (1598–1599)Julius Caesar (1599–1600)As You Like It (1599–1600)Twelfth Night (1599–1600)Hamlet (1600–1601)The Merry Wives of Windsor (1600–1601)Troilus and Cressida (1601–1602)All’s Well That Ends Well (1602–1603)Measure for Measure (1604–1605)Othello (1604–1605)King Le ar (1605–1606)Macbeth (1605–1606)Antony and Cleopatra (1606–1607)Coriolanus (1607–1608)Timon of Athens (1607–1608)Pericles (1608–1609)Cymbeline (1609–1610)The Winter’s Tale (1610–1611)The Tempest (1611–1612)Henry VIII (1612–1613)The Two Noble Kinsmen (1612–1613) Dating the Plays The chronology of Shakespeares plays remains a matter of some scholarly debate. Current consensus is based on a constellation of different data points, including publication information (e.g. dates taken from title pages), known performance dates, and information from contemporary diaries and other records. Though each play can be assigned a narrow date range, it is impossible to know exactly in which year any one of Shakespeares plays was composed. Even when exact performance dates are known, nothing conclusive can be said about when each play was written. Further complicating the matter is the fact that many of Shakespeares plays exist in multiple editions, making it even more difficult to determine when the authoritative versions were completed. For example, there are several surviving versions of Hamlet, three of which were printed in the First Quarto, Second Quarto, and First Folio. The version printed in the Second Quarto is the longest version of Hamlet, though it does not include over 50 lines that appear in the First Folio version. Modern scholarly editions of the play contain material from multiple sources. Authorship Controversy Another controversial question regarding Shakespeares bibliography is whether the Bard actually authored all of the plays assigned to his name. In the 19th century, a number of literary historians popularized the so-called anti-Stratfordian theory, which held that Shakespeares plays were actually the work of Francis Bacon, Christopher Marlowe, or possibly a group of playwrights. Subsequent scholars, however, have dismissed this theory, and the current consensus is that Shakespeare—the man born in Stratford-upon-Avon in 1564—did, in fact, write all of the plays that bear his name. Nevertheless, there is strong evidence that some of Shakespeares plays were collaborations. In 2016, a group of scholars performed an analysis of all three parts of Henry VI and came to the conclusion that the play does include the work of Christopher Marlowe. Future editions of the play published by Oxford University Press will credit Marlowe as co-author. Another play, The Two Noble Kinsmen, was co-written with John Fletcher, who also worked with Shakespeare on the lost play Cardenio. Some scholars believe that Shakespeare may have also collaborated with George Peele, an English dramatist and poet; George Wilkins, an English dramatist and inn-keeper; and Thomas Middleton, a successful author of numerous stage works, including comedies, tragedies, and pageants.

Benzene Exposure And Cancer Mechanism Of Toxicity And...

Benzene exposure and Cancer: Mechanism of Toxicity and Carcinogenesis Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon that is represented with the formula C6H6. It was discovered in 1825 by a British scientist, Michael Faraday, who extracted it from crude oil by applying pressure, and named it â€Å"Bicarburet of hydrogen†. However, its chemical synthesis did not start until in 1843, Charles Mansfield, discovered a method to extract benzene from coal tar. Since its industrialization, benzene is produced and used in many industrial processes, for instance, the production of plastics, resins, and dyes uses benzene as solvent. Similarly, chemical synthesis of phenol, cyclohexane, ethylbenzene and other aromatic hydrocarbons creates benzene as part of their production. In 1989, the Environmental Protection Agency of USA estimates the national emission of benzene in a total of 34.000 metric tons/ year. (EPA 1989). Identically, in Canada, the national benzene emissions were reduced from 50.860 metric tons/year in 1995 to 14.560 metrics tons/year, mainly due to regulation by The Canadian Council of Minister of the Environment(CCME 2012). Most of the benzene’s occupational exposure occurs during solvent exposure, synthesizing other chemical compounds, and working at oil pipelines, tankers, gasoline pumper, auto repairs shops, and oil refineries (ATSDR 2007). In western countries, such as USA, Canada or the European Union, the occupational exposition to benzene are regulated. ForShow MoreRelatedMolecular Basis Of Biology And Biotechnology4394 Words   |  18 Pages14 3.7 Laboratory analysis of biochemical parameters 15 3.7.1 Liver function test 15 3.7.2 Lipid profiling. 15 3.8 Histopathological analysis: 16 3.9 Antioxidation Analysis: 16 4.0 Plant Functional Properties 16 5.0 Determination of Mechanism of Efficacy and Toxicity of Antidiabetic Compounds 17 5.1 RNA Preparation 17 5.2 Array Hybridisation and Scanning 17 5.3 Data Validation by Quantitative RT-PCR 18 6.0 Management and Processing of Bioassays Data 18 REFERENCES 19 APPENDICES 26 APPENDIX I: WorkRead MoreBhopal Gas Disaster84210 Words   |  337 Pagesliving in the vicinity of the factory are exposed to toxic chemicals that continue to leach from tonnes of waste lying within the UCIL premises causing groundwater and soil contamination. As a result a whole new generation continues to get sick, from cancer and birth defects to everyday impacts o aches and pains, f rashes, fevers, eruptions of boils, headaches, nausea, lack of appetite, dizziness, and constant exhaustion. During the last four years survivors’ organizations have renewed their campaign

The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald - 1588 Words

Fitzgerald saw the 1920s as a time of declining social and moral values which caused the American Dream to be corrupted by greed as well as materialism. The decline of the American Dream was a main theme highlighted throughout The Great Gatsby where Fitzgerald managed to successfully show the brittleness and superficiality the society aspired to live in. However, the passage alone is not enough to be considered as the key to the entire novel, only along with other passages are we able to see what Fitzgerald is trying to convey to his audience in regards to the American Dream. This essay discusses how other passages are also key to the novel and their relevance to Fitzgerald’s idea of the American Dream. The passages convey the manner in†¦show more content†¦In addition, although the American Dream was something which seemed distant for normal people to achieve, instead of being phased by it, people in society were in fact more motivated to work hard to achieve it. At the same time, green is commonly associated with the idea of envy. Faithful followers of the American Dream are often spurred by the envy they had towards what others had therefore they are willing to work hard in hopes of reaching the same level as well. While the American Dream brings about hope for them, Fitzgerald felt that members of the society were constantly in search of their dreams which in reality were very difficult to achieve and even appeared to be unattainable due to how â€Å"minute and far away† (pg. 25) they were. The stretch over the huge distance further emphasized on people’s astonishing ability to dream. In addition, due to the elaborate lifestyles present in the society during the 1920s, many people’s moralities became corrupted. On this point, the American Dream became something out of hand due to the lack of control in morality, people became willing to do anything just to achieve their dream just like how Gatsby succumbed to illegal met hods of acquiring his wealth. Therefore, Fitzgerald wanted to critique the way people tried to achieve their dreams. The American Dream has turned into a materialistic dream. The original idea and impression of the American Dream has evolved into one of materialism due to the decaying social

Factors Affecting the Customer Satisfaction - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Factors Affecting Customer Satisfaction. Answer: Introduction: McDonalds first started its journey as a restaurant in the year of 1940 and was operated by Richard McDonald and Maurice McDonald in the state of San Bernardino, California, USA. They designated their business as a Hamburger Stand. The Golden Arches Logo was first used by them at the time of opening their new franchise in the year of 1953 during the opening of the Phoenix Arizona, USA. And in the year of 1955 a person named Ray Kroc, a businessman firstly joined McDonalds as a franchise agent but later on he continued in buying the chain of restaurant from McDonalds brothers (mcdonalds.com, 2018). McDonalds has its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but along with that the organisation is also approved the plan of moving its global headquarters to Chigo by the year of 2018. McDonalds is considered to be worlds largest chain of restaurant which considering from the aspect of revenue and it serves around almost more than 69 million customers on a daily basis over 100 countries. There are around 36,900 outlets of McDonalds and is famous for its hamburgers or also termed as the cheeseburgers and along with this it is also famous for its French fries, items related to breakfast, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps and also for its deserts. Along with the changes in the taste of the customers and the negative backlashes due to lack of healthiness in their food has made them include various healthy things to their menu like salads, fish, smoothies and fruits. The main source of revenue for the McDonald Corporation is the rent, royalties, the fees that are paid by the various franchisees along with the sales conducted in the various restaurants operated by the company (mcdonalds.com, 2018). This report mainly focuses on the online order and the delivery service by M cDonalds along with focusing on the design of the website of McDonald which contains the e-payment system and the e-marketing practices that are carried by this organisation. The report also focuses on the application of the e-CRM application that are being implemented by the company which is followed by the suggestions regarding the improvement of the e-CRM. Discussion: About the company: McDonald started its journey in the year of 1940 and was started by Richard McDonald and Maurice McDonald. In the year of 1398 the first McDonald opened in the North E street located at West 14th Street in San Bernardino, California was totally different from the McDonald that we see in Todays date (mcdonalds.com, 2018). Ray Kroc was the person who made the changes in the infrastructure of the organisation and modernized it. In the year of 1948 the McDonalds brother started the Speedee Service System which highlighted the principles of the modern fast-food restaurant which was put into practice by their predecessor White Castle almost two decades earlier. McDonald had its original mascot named Speedee which is a chef hat on the top of a hamburger. Later on this logo was replaces by Golden Arches which became the universal mascot for McDonald. And later the symbol of Ronald McDonald was introduced in the year of 1965 and the clown appeared in the advertising for the purpose of targeti ng the audience which consisted of the childrens (Schlosser, 2012). the company first applied for its US trademark on 4th May, 1961 which had the description as Drive-In Restaurant Service. Under the guidance of Ray Kroc on 13th September 1961 the trademark for McDonald was filed which is an overlapping double arched M. But before this filling as single arch was used for the architecture of the buildings. The present version of the logo that we see today was not used until 18th November 1968. Along with the expansion of McDonalds in the international market it become the symbol for the globalisation along with the symbol representing the spread of the American lifestyle (Counihan Van Esterik, 2012). The prominence of McDonald made it a frequent topic for debate amongst the public due to the consideration of the facts like the Obesity, corporate ethics and the responsibility of the consumers. Analysis and Design of website Analysis of website mainly consist of following points like user experience, targeted audience, Navigation and lastly products and presentation of various contents. User experience: The most important for the success of an organization is the design of the website. The UI of Macdonald is designed in such a way that it is easily understandable to customers who are using internet for the first time (Dowray et al., 2013). This website of Macdonald is designed in such a way that it easily provides navigation tools for this users. Targeted audience: This particular website is designed in such it looks pleasant to its targeted audience. It provides most of the product and services for its consumer who are located in different geographical areas. Navigation: It is considered to be an important factor for various ecommerce website and it has navigation which can be direction of navigation which has a sales funnel and provides a critical medium for the website (Bernhardt et al., 2013). Navigation is considered to be an important factor for conversion of website. Products and presentation of content: In web site design this tool is considered to be an important factor and this also works in a similar way for analyzing the various kinds of parameter associated with it (Breck et al., 2014). The website of Macdonald is deigned in such a way that it can easily attract retailers or various kinds of bloggers to represent their content in different ways and ultimately creating a stunning product for its consumers. Business Niche: Macdonald has its website designed in such a way that it can easily follow the various kinds of business Niche which are associated with it for its working. It is designed with the help of red color which can be used for attracting a large mass of customers. From the above discussion it can be analyzed that the website of Macdonald need some improvisation in the domain of coding (Ehsan, 2012). The website is designed in such a way that it can easily work in both landscape and portrait mode which means that they are accessible from both mobile phone and computer systems. E-Marketing strategy: E-marketing strategy generally refers to various kinds of principle and techniques by making use of electronic media and specifically that is internet. E-marketing strategy can be defined as the mode of strategy which can be used for sub-set for attracting various customers. One of the ultimate reason for the adaptation of e-marketing for various enterprise and to make a loop which is used for creation of loop of dialog which can be used for one to many form of communication so that it can easily make use of interaction and dialogue for various kinds of content (Alamsyah Peranginangin, 2015). Mc Donalds. As per the franchise model of business strategy it has only 15% of the total number of restaurants which is owned by the organization and later part of the organization is owned by the franchise that is 85%. It has some of cleanliness value which is provided by the various for money which is offered by Macdonald to its customers round the globe. e-Payment service of McDonalds: There are several advantages of the e-payment system. McDonalds along with various limitations and challenges which are being experienced by McDonalds while the implementation of the electronic business system. The company is having an electronic business system that enables the customer to pay for their respective orders by the use of a cash-free key tag system and the idea is almost similar to that of the idea used by the mobile gas stations (Zarkada-Fraser Fraser, 2015). The electronic business system can also be referred to as the e-payment system and along with this the speed pass also acts as a transponder which is generally kept in the key chain of the customer. Whenever a customer is purchasing something the gadget or the speed pass simply sends the signal to the credit or the debit card which will help in including the purchase in the bill for the next month of the customer. The customers are able to aces the online ordering service by making use of the official website or by installing the application, along with any type email newsletters and subscription or any type of digital properties on which the terms have been posted or has been referred and once this is done the customer is entering the agreement of the McDonalds USA, LLC which is controlling or operating the online service from the headquarter at One McDonalds plaza based on Oak Brook Illinois 60523 (Mohapatra Singh, 2012). Once the customers accept the terms then they are able to understand all the privacy statement of McDonald that are incorporated into the agreement. Along with this the privacy statement also describes the way in which the information is collected along with the ways in which it is shared or used. A third party provider is used by McDonalds for the purpose of securing the information of the payment card which processes the payments to the restaurants. Whenever a customer registers the payment card then McDonald or the third party might perform a verification process so as to check if the details provided the customer is correct or not. The main criteria for payment by the customer is that is having all rights for using the card along with verifying that if the customer is of sufficient age or not (Mathur Patodiya, 2016). A customer is able to purchase only when all the procedures are verified. Analysis of e-CRM provided by Macdonald CRM stands for customer relationship management is considered to be an important tool which is used for understanding the needs of an organization. It mainly addresses the fact that how well can an organization make use of CRM model. CRM or customer relationship management can be defined as a tool which is used by various kinds of modern business. It is mainly used for improvisation of the relationship of an organization with various kinds of its clients (Afzal, 2013). It is mainly used for bring new kinds of potential customers which will help in improvisation of profit. It is mainly provided assistance or guidance by various kinds of programs based on CRM and other kinds of software relate to it. With the help of this technique various organization inclusive of Macdonald can easily start to find or analyze the relationship and its interaction with various kinds of habits (Henry, 2012). Macdonald is a good example of an organization which has efficiently managed to adopt or implemen t CRM effectively or better in the model of business. Macdonald is considered to be the largest producer of hamburger and fast food retailers in the world. Various kinds of experts calculated that nearly more than sixty million customers every day have around thirty thousand restaurants and claim to have franchise in more than hundred countries (Khan et al., 2016). Macdonald is considered to be an incredible brand which is successful and it has logo and certain number of slogans which are used for which are recognized all over the globe. For ensuring that it has proper number of customer relationship management in various restaurants and outlets across the world. McDonalds makes use of a method which is used for improvisation of capture of data, reporting on real time basis and resolution of issues on a fast basis. The working principle is considered to be a uniform which is used for utilization of a program which is known as Power Centre which is provided by an organization known as Astute Solution (Johnson La Ferle, 2012). This parti cular software gives a capture of data and database containing information which can be used for monitoring or analyzing the measure of customer relationship which generally works throughout the brand. Power Center software brings various kinds of data through the organization which is inclusive of both the positive negative aspect of the review. It provides an accessibility by various kinds of regions or individual restaurants which provides Macdonald a quick area to check or analyze the various kinds of issue related to relationship with customers and overcoming some kinds of serious issues for the organization before they become a serious problem for the organization (Bhalerao, 2015). With the help of this system information is transmitted through the organization on a quickly basis which provides quick results. There are large of reason due to which the Astute Solution can be taken or chosen by the providers of CRM service for McDonald. At first McDonald began to look for a kind of service provider which has some concentrate goals. Macdonald wished to provide extension for capacity of data which is captured by various kinds of customer (Ton Thi Nhat, 2012). It has certain number of software which can provide corporate service and individual franchise for this organization that is McDonald. The ultimate goal for software is to provide real time access for the information of customers. They also focused on the fact they can easily implement existing database in a better kinds of CRM tool without making this software that is Astute Solution more manageable (Durkin, 2013). Apart from this they also focused on the fact that the softwares are flexible and functional which provides support for various kinds of requirements or needs which are involved in the business. For establishing itself in the industry of ecommerce various kinds of organization inclusive of Macdonald so that it can make the organization to be more centric about the various kinds of its customers. Adding customers at the heart of the business adds the consumer of high value if the various kinds of consumer need it (Constantinides, 2014). So delivering more value of customer can be considered to be an effective if the various kinds of organization wants to keep themselves in top of the list. The e-CRM kind of strategy works in a better way alongside of CRM. The ultimate goal of E-CRM model is to make use of improvised customer services and retention of various kinds of valuable customer which can help the capabilities for the organization like Macdonald (Tiwari, 2012). The use of E- CRM model is make an understanding regarding the various kinds of digital proximities. Customer need to have an assurance about the list of factors which are needed. With every passing year selling on internet has become and various kinds of efforts are made by Macdonald. If E-CRM is used in proper or right way, then it can easily provide rich and accurate kind of data for the consumers (Meyer, 2015). The overall interaction with various kinds of customers can be useful for creating better value of trust with the various kinds of customers. Privacy policies can easily help the various kinds to data which is needed for the success of E-CRM. McDonalds Australia provides a customer service for providing help and support to the customers during hours of working so that it can easily provide various hours of business by making use of McDonalds customer service phone number. Macdonald Australia provides toll free number, option of payment and various option for delivery (Peterson, 2016). If someone wants more information about the various kinds of issue about the various range of services which is being provided by Macdonald Australia, then it is easily available at the 24 hours number of Macdonald Australia. There is list of services which are being provided by the department of customer care by Macdonald Australia. Macdonald Australia has a customer care service with large number of helpline numbers, corporate headquarters, customer support and email identity which is generally provided in the web page of links, social profiles which contain certain number of review and ratings (Ma et al. 2015). The list of toll free numbe r which is provided by Macdonald Australia has a rate which is charged like normal calling rates. Various kinds of customer number are generally provided during the various kinds of working hours. Improvements in the e-CRM: Every organisation should think of making their business focus on becoming customer centric. Any organisation which puts their customer at the heart of their business will make them highly differentiable in the highly competitive market. This makes them deliver more value to their customer which will help them in keeping up in the competitive market. For the purpose of improving CRM service McDonalds might use the Astute Solutions (Yoon Steege, 2013). At the initial stage McDonalds was looking for a service provider which will have a concrete setoff goals. They are also having the wish of extending their capacity for the captured data of the customers. They also wish for a software that will be providing the corporate service and the individual franchises which will be having access to the customers information on a real time basis. This solution will also be helping them in integrating the existing database into a form which will be much more effective tool CRM. Along with this the software will also not get bloated and can also be managed very easily (Charlesworth, Hawkins Marshall, 2014). This software is much more flexible and functional as well which will help McDonald meet its requirements. This software will also be helping them in the business according to the evolving needs. Another solution for the improvement of the CRM for McDonalds is by adaptation of the Second CRM which be helping them in the assistance of the Customer Satisfaction department (Libana-Cabanillas, Ramos de Luna, Montoro-Ros, 2015). The main sources for the collection of the resources are the Facebook, e-mails, website and feedback forms. Easy storing of the feedbacks from the customers are possible by the team into one the systems that is consolidated. This will be initially helping in providing an access to various customers information in an easy way. Two of the major feature of this CRM system are listed below: When an e-mail is sent by a customer to McDonalds then what the CRM will be doing is create a case in the module for Service Request. For the purpose taking further actions the complaints, compliments and the enquiries will be stored in the module for Service Requests. Once the e-mail is sent to McDonalds by the Customer then it is successfully logged in as a case. After this the supervisor reviews each and every details of the case which will then be converted into an issue by making use of the Calendar module. The assigning of this issues is done based upon the Main Category, Sub-Category and Zone. After this the case will be assigned to certain team for further processing. This process will greatly help the teams or the departments to respond according the feedback of the customers in an organised and timely manner. This feature has tremendously helped the department to respond to their customers feedbacks in a more organize and timely manners. Another thing for better CRM is by creating a personal and innovative dining experience for the customers (Dorasamy, 2012). For this purpose, there is a need of gaining data from the promotion and search for the things that the customers like. After finding the data there is a need of analysing the data so as to predict the foods that the customers want to eat. Due to the fact that internet is one of the essential feature, it can be used by McDonalds to integrate online channels which be showing the existing business processes and many more things of the company. McDonald should also look into the matter that they are not looking into the web a single channel along with not getting isolated from other channels. McDonalds has a number of restaurants running across the whole world and for the purpose of maintaining a consistent customer relation throughout McDonalds needs to adopt a method that will be providing improved capturing of the data, reporting on a real time basis, and resolution of issues quickly. This uniformity can be utilized by the program called PowerCentre which will be supplied by Astute Solutions. This software will help in the capturing of the data and the information database. This is mainly used for the purpose of monitoring along with measuring the relationship with the customer. The main function of this software Power Centre includes the bringing out of the whole data which includes both positive as well as negative reviews. By the process of accessing the restaurants by regions or individual restaurants will help McDonald in spotting the potential relation with the customers along with resolving the issues which can take a serious form in the future. Conclusion: McDonalds is one of the largest fast food company of the world. It has its branches in almost every part of the world. They have an objective of serving their customers at an optimal level. They are able to maintain their level of success by keeping in mind the welfare of their customers. The employees of McDonalds are encouraged more and more to provide a good service along with providing various scholarships which helps in encouraging education as well. McDonald is also considered as the king of fast food. The report helps in concluding that the organisation has tried a lot in proving itself in the market of competition. There are various CRM strategies that has been adopted by McDonalds for the purpose of better relationship with the customers. By adaptation of various proper CRM strategies, the customers will be served in much better way. The report also helps in understanding the various e-CRM strategies needed by McDonalds for the purpose of improving the activities of the orga nisation. The report also helps in understanding the e-marketing strategy of the organisation along with the e-payment service that is being used by McDonalds right now. There are various things which are included in the e-payment system as well as in the e-marketing strategy of the company. McDonalds has faced various challenges during the implementation of the e-payment system. The main key factor that lies behind the success of the organisation is proper maintenance of the core strengths along with an unwavering focus on the quality and the consistency. This should also be maintained during experimenting for new options. The effort of the companys environment is important but along with this it should also not overshadow the initiatives of the market. After placement of the various marketing strategies various responsibilities are distributed amongst various individuals for the purpose of implementation of the plans for the new recommended system. When these systems will be put i nto action various feedbacks are collected from the market. This will finally help in estimating the success rate in a short term target. It is also to be looked into that the things are done under tight control regarding the marketing budget which is finite. McDonalds has been very much successful in performing its operation within the food service industry by making use of the efficient strategies and quality standards. This initially helps in providing McDonalds a competitive advantage. According to the records provided by the international market growth, it has been seen that McDonalds is already in a stage where they are capable of gaining an entry in an efficient way. This has taken place even in the most challenging markets like Britain. McDonalds is having a strong sense of quality service along with satisfaction of the customers. Products need to be modified is such a way that they are best suited for the taste of the customers along with keeping in view the preferences of the customers. There is a need of implementing affordable prices along with the implementation of an effective promotions and offers. References: Afzal, A. (2013). Factors affecting customer satisfaction in fast food sector. Alamsyah, A., Peranginangin, Y. (2015, May). Network market analysis using large scale social network conversation of Indonesia's fast food industry. InInformation and Communication Technology (ICoICT), 2015 3rd International Conference on(pp. 327-331). IEEE. Bernhardt, A. M., Wilking, C., Adachi-Mejia, A. M., Bergamini, E., Marijnissen, J., Sargent, J. D. (2013). How television fast food marketing aimed at children compares with adult advertisements.PloS one,8(8), e72479. Bhalerao, D. J. (2015). Gali to Globe: Business Model Evolution at Ganesh Bhel Chaat Products Pvt Ltd. Breck, A., Cantor, J., Martinez, O., Elbel, B. (2014). Who reports noticing and using calorie information posted on fast food restaurant menus?.Appetite,81, 30-36. Charlesworth, A., Hawkins, L., Marshall, L. (2014). NHS payment reform: lessons from the past and directions for the future.London: Nuffield Trust. Constantinides, E. (2014). Foundations of social media marketing.Procedia-Social and behavioral sciences,148, 40-57. Counihan, C., Van Esterik, P. (Eds.). (2012).Food and culture: A reader. Routledge. Dorasamy, N. (2012). Conditions determining the success of public e-procurement.Public Sector Transformation Processes and Internet Public Procurement: Decision Support Systems: Decision Support Systems, 185. Dowray, S., Swartz, J. J., Braxton, D., Viera, A. J. (2013). Potential effect of physical activity based menu labels on the calorie content of selected fast food meals.Appetite,62, 173-181. Durkin, M. (2013). Tweet me cruel: Perspectives on battling digital marketing myopia1.The Marketing Review,13(1), 51-63. Ehsan, U. (2012). Factors important for the selection of fast food restaurants: an empirical study across three cities of Pakistan.British Food Journal,114(9), 1251-1264. Henry, H. K. (2012).Making health the default: An exploration of mothers' perceptions about the options for children's meals at fast-food restaurants. The Johns Hopkins University. Johnson, J. K., La Ferle, C. 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(2018).McDonald's: Burgers, Fries More. Quality Ingredients..Mcdonalds.com. Retrieved 11 January 2018, from https://www.mcdonalds.com/us/en-us.html Meyer, P. (2015). McDonalds Marketing Mix: 4Ps Analysis.Panmore Institute. October,7. Mohapatra, S., Singh, R. P. (2012). IT Strategy for McDonalds. InInformation Strategy Design and Practices(pp. 299-318). Springer US. Peterson, E. A. (2016). STARBUCKS, TRADEMARK LAW AND THE EXIT 6 INCIDENT.Southern Law Journal,26(2), 251. Schlosser, E. (2012).Fast food nation: The dark side of the all-American meal. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Tiwari, J. (2012). Green marketing in India: An Overview. In2nd National Conference on Value Based Management-Business for Value or Values in Business(pp. 34-40). Ton Thi Nhat, L. (2012). A MARKETING PLAN FOR ROLLROLL FAST-CASUAL RESTAURANT. Yoon, H. S., Steege, L. M. B. (2013). 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Sunflower free essay sample

Introduction A profoundly poignant account portraying the internal conflict Simon Wiesenthal experiences when a dying Nazi soldier earnestly seeks his forgiveness,  The Sunflower  provokes introspective discussion about forgiveness, justice, mercy, and human responsibility. While metaphorically gazing upon the sunflowers displayed on the graves of soldiers, Simon is forced to mechanically march towards the Technical High School he once attended. The familiar surroundings evoke memories of the hatred and contempt he encountered while he was a student, particularly on the examination days that had been entitled a day without Jews by his Polish classmates (Wiesenthal 20). When he arrives at the Technical High School (now a military hospital), Simon and the other prisoners are instructed to carry cartons filled with rubbish out of the building (Wiesenthal 22). After confirming that he is Jewish, a nurse escorts Simon to the bedside of a dying Nazi solider named Karl. With his yellow-stained bandaged head appearing through the semidarkness of the hospital room, Karl hauntingly recounts his involvement in the horrifying death of a father, a mother, and a dark-eyed child who are brutally shot down after jumping out of a burning building (Wiesenthal 42-43). Simon becomes extremely distressed with the imagery evoked by the untimely demise of the dark-eyed child, especially when he theoretically identifies the child with a six-year old named Eli (Wiesenthal 46). Indeed, while recalling the heart-wrenching scenes of the kindergarten extermination, Simon fights the urge to leave the hospital room as the dying soldier continues to recount the rest of his confession. With sincere remorse in his voice, Karl begs for the forgiveness of a Jew. The irony of this dying soldiers confession arises from the fact that a murderer who did not want to be a murderer but who had been made into a murderer by his murderous ideology was confessing his crime to a man that may die by the hands of these same murderers at any time (Wiesenthal 53). Struggling with this ironic dilemma and having an imagery of the child with piercing eyes that questioned the hatred of the world surrounding him, Simon leaves the soldier in complete silence. Back at the concentration camp, Simon confides with his closest companions about the dying soldiers confession which profoundly disturbed him (Wiesenthal 63-68). During such discussion, Simon seeks and challenges the opinions of his contemporaries about the beliefs on justice, mercy, human responsibility, and forgiveness. His sleep is disturbed that night by visions of a pale-faced Eli submersed in a bloody mess (Wiesenthal 68). Simon is awakened from his night terror by Arthur, who anxiously warns him that the last man who experienced such sleep disturbances was immediately killed. Once more, Simon is reminded that death is a constant companion in the concentration camps (Wiesenthal 69). The next day, Simon is overwhelmed with the fear that the dying soldier will renew his plea for forgiveness (Wiesenthal 73). Instead, the nurse informs Simon that the soldier died during the night. In compliance with Karls request, the nurse attempts to give Simon a portion of the soldiers possessions. Simon kindly refuses the package and insists that the nurse send it to his mother instead (Wiesenthal 73-74). Upon returning to the camp, Arthur once again confronts Simon about his sleep disturbances. Such confrontation leads to this statement made by Arthur that epitomizes the adversity faced by the Jews during World War II (1939-1945): If we survive this camp -and I dont think we will- and if the world comes to its senses again, inhabited by people who look on each other as human beings, then there will be plenty of time to discuss the question of forgiveness nobody who has not had our experiences will be able to understand fully. When we here argue about the problem [of forgiveness], we are indulging in a luxury which we in our position simply cannot afford (Wiesenthal 75). Apparently, the anti-Semitism and lust for power that pervaded the German culture during this time fermented the hopelessness and helplessness that permeated throughout the Jewish culture. Two years later, Simon is still haunted by the confession of the Nazi soldier despite the fact that hunger dulls the thinking processes (Wiesenthal 78). He even envisions that there is an angry expression in the eyes that were completely hidden by the yellow-tinted bandage encompassing his face (Wiesenthal 78). When confiding in his only surviving comrade (a Polish priest-in-training that continued to pray despite the environment of the camp and the mockery of others), Simon discovers that his subconscious is not completely satisfied with the actions he underwent during his encounter with the soldier (Wiesenthal 81). Simon questions if he had the power to forgive the soldier in the name of the Jewish community and if repentance is truly the most important element when seeking forgiveness (Wiesenthal 83). Plagued with profound questions about the limits and possibilities of humanity and wrestling with the uncertainty of his reaction to the soldiers repentance, Simon decides to visit Karls mother. During this visit, he keeps silent about the atrocities her son committed in order to preserve her last possession-faith in the goodness of her son (Wiesenthal 94). While depicting silence as a phenomenon more eloquent than words that can be interpreted in many ways, Simon ponders the morality of his silence (Wiesenthal 97). He then concludes his sad and tragic episode of life by prompting you to mentally construct his perspective when asking yourself the decisive question, What would I have done? (Wiesenthal 98). Simon Wiesenthal Simon Wiesenthal metaphorically perceived death, personalized the soldiers account by theoretically identifying the dark-eyed child with Eli, perceived the soldiers confession as sincere repentance, left the soldier in silence after his imploration of forgiveness, sought and challenged the opinions of well-respected contemporaries, declined acceptance of the soldiers possessions, visited the soldiers mother, concealed the atrocities committed by the soldier from the mother, and dedicated his life to identifying Nazi war criminals. However, despite the soldiers heartfelt confession that profoundly disturbed him for years, Simon failed to truly forgive and forget the atrocities committed by the Nazi soldier. While envying the sunflowers growing atop the graves of Nazi soldiers and acknowledging the connection to life that each sunflower signifies, Simon metaphorically explores the perception of death. Resentful of the reality that his corpse will be buried in a mass grave where no sunflower would ever bring light into [his] darkness, and no butterflies would dance above [his] dreadful tomb and that the graves of Nazi soldiers would each have a sunflower to connect them with the living world, Simon interprets the sunflowers as a symbol for Nazi superiority even in death (Wiesenthal 14-15). This symbolical insight guides his emotions and thoughts while listening to the dissertation of the dying soldier: I didnt know what he wanted to confess, but I knew that after his death a sunflower would grow on his grave it would accompany him to the cemetery, stand on his grave, and sustain his connection with life. And this I envied him (Wiesenthal 30). Focusing on the sunflower as a connection to life reinforces the Nazi conception that Jews are an inferior race. Simons preoccupation with sunflowers as a connection to life may actually allude to him being infected by the Nazis in such a way that he is beginning to think that the Germans are in some way superior (Wiesenthal 62). However, in contrast to Simons metaphoric thinking, Arthur dispels the notion of German superiority when he states that the sunflowers will rot away like the Germans (Wiesenthal 63). Evidently, continuous oppression may subconsciously induce not only feelings of hopelessness but also feelings of unworthiness and inferiority- feelings that can be expressed even while thinking metaphorically. Metaphoric thinking was dominate throughout this time period because Everything was unreal and insubstantial: the earth was peopled with mystical shapes; God was on leave, and in His absence others had taken over, to give us signs and hints (Wiesenthal 36). A belief in mysticism and superstition could more readily explain why such atrocities were being performed without casting doubt on the existence of God as an omnipotent, omnipresent, or benevolent deity. The Jews were also more apt to cling to completely nonsensical interpretations as a way to obtain hope, for the eternal optimism of the Jew surpassed all reason (Wiesenthal 36). Metaphoric thinking was a means of escaping the appalling reality of the Jewish existence that daily included sickness, suffering, and death. Developing a metaphor for the perception of death that would involve sunflowers is indeed a reflection of the cultural attitude that persisted during the Holocaust. Identifying the dark-eyed child with six-year-old Eli, the last Jewish child he had encountered, allowed Simon to internalize the horrifying story evocatively communicated by the Nazi soldier. This internalization of narrative formed a more intimate glance into the atrocity of the crime, thereby making it difficult for Simon to respond to the tragic account with indifference. Indeed, theoretically identifying the child as Eli ensured that the apathy which compelled the Jews to work in a trance did not apply to the soldiers dreadful crime. Simon perceived the soldiers confession as sincere repentance because of the way in which the soldier spoke and the fact that he went out of his way to speak to a Jew. Unlike so many of the other soldiers, Karl had a warm undertone in his voice as he spoke about the Jews (Wiesenthal 40). The tone of his voice, the clutch of his hand, and the atmosphere of despair surrounding the dying soldier were idioms of distress culturally sanctioned by the Jewish culture regarding earnest repentance. Such nonverbal gestures led Simon to accept the soldiers confession as being repentance. Leaving the soldier in silence following his imploration of forgiveness was the emotional reaction of Simon. He was too disturbed by the imagery of the lifeless child in the arms of his father to sympathize with the dying Nazi soldier. Not wanting to condemn the dying man (only God may pass such judgment according to the Jewish faith), Simon most likely felt that silence was the best expression of his sentiment at the time. Indeed, he later conveys that silence is a phenomenon more eloquent than words that can be interpreted in many ways (Wiesenthal 97). Although silence allows for freedom of interpretation, it does not provide a sense of closure. Simon was thus profoundly disturbed by his encounter with the Nazi soldier for an awfully long time. Years after the death of the Nazi soldier, Simon visited his mother in order to gain a better understanding of the personality for this unusual soldier. He also secretly hoped that he would find something that contradicted with the soldiers narrative so that the feelings of sympathy which [he] could not reject would then perhaps disappear (Wiesenthal 87). Such a hope for contradiction derives from the cultural sanction that liars are malicious scoundrels unworthy of sympathy. Although he did not find such contradiction, Simon encountered the issue of whether or not he should reveal the atrocities Karl committed to his mother. Again, Simon chose to depart in silence. He did not want to take away her last possession- faith in the integrity of her son. Taking away this notion of goodness that she so fervently clung to would be considered larceny in the Jewish culture, a crime which Simon could not compel himself to do (Wiesenthal 95). The notion that taking from Karls mother is theft may have also compelled Simon to decline the request of the soldier and insist that all possessions be sent to the mother instead. Of course, Simon may have also refused the possessions so that he had no physical reminder of the Nazi soldier. When questioning the morality of his actions, Simon sought and challenged the opinions of well-respected contemporaries. Such counsel and discussion fostered a better understanding of the others views (Wiesenthal 83). In truth, humanity is motivated by the need to be understood- a notion that crosses all cultural boundaries. Among the beliefs discussed with contemporaries, justice and forgiveness were the most prevalent. Simon believes that the years of suffering inflicted deep wounds on [his] faith that justice existed in the world (Wiesenthal 83). He is especially vexed that since [the Nazis] did not believe in God they were not afraid of Divine Judgment. It was only earthly justice that they feared (Wiesenthal 85). Such vexation compelled Simon to serve on the commission for the investigation of Nazi crimes (Wiesenthal 83). Despite his devotion to identifying Nazi war criminals and bringing them to justice, Simon Wiesenthal cannot truly say that he has forgiven the Nazi criminals for their atrocities and murderous theology. He is still plagued by questions regarding the morality of his silence and the limits of forgiveness. Despite such questioning, Simon still manages to defend his actions of unforgiveness by asserting that there are those who can appreciate my dilemma, and so endorse my attitude, and there are those who will be ready to condemn me for refusing to ease the last moment of a repentant murderer but the crux of the matter is forgiveness is an act of volition, and only the sufferer is qualified to make the decision (Wiesenthal 98). Such a defense is culturally sanctioned by the Jewish community which emphasizes that nobody who has not had our experiences will be able to understand fully (Wiesenthal 75). Sven Alkalaj In reaction to Wiesenthals query proposed in his concluding paragraph of  The Sunflower, Sven Alkalaj personally argues that forgiveness is possible when there is a genuine recognition of guilt but that forgetting is unthinkable (Wiesenthal 105). According to Alkalaj, forgetting the crimes would be much worse that forgiving the criminal who seeks forgiveness since forgetting the crimes devalues the humanity that perished in these atrocities (Wiesenthal 102). Not only would the cruelty be forgotten, but the memory of those who suffered and died would also be forgotten. In a sense, the death and suffering of loved ones would be in vain without the memory of the strength, faith, courage, and love expressed during such calamity. Justice must be expressed as a measure that is absolutely necessary for forgiveness and reconciliation. Without the enforcement of justice, genocide goes unpunished and there are no boundaries set up to prevent genocide. Having witnessed the dismantling of families as even children are deliberately killed, tortured, and raped, this Bosnian Jew understands all too well the desperate need for preventing the atrocities and shame associated with genocide. Such experience sustains the belief that there is a national or state responsibility for genocide, for mass murder, and for an artificial hatred among society (a hatred that disregards the value of a human life). Indeed, genocide is not just a crime against one person or society, but rather it is a crime against humanity. Upholding the cultural sanction that genocide is a crime against humanity and employing reconciliation and justice as the mode for preventing these future crimes will return the world to an inherent beauty of living (Wiesenthal 105). Rodger Kamenetz In reaction to Wiesenthals query proposed in his concluding paragraph of  The Sunflower, Rodger Kamenetz supports the notion that silence was the best response when considering the circumstances. Although the confession of the Nazi soldier was passionately earnest, he failed to reverently address Simon as an individual person whose identity is composed of more than just being Jewish. He merely referred to Simon as Jew- not a Jew or a Jewish person. The Nazi soldier never inquired about Simons history, life, opinion, or name. He could confess his guilt from the suffering he inflicted, yet his perception was still tainted by the prejudice, hatred, and contempt embedded in Nazi ideals. He could not see Simon as human; instead, Simon was just another Jew, a subhuman whose only purpose was to satisfy his dying request. Had the cultural sanction of respect been upheld, then forgiveness could have been discussed and possibly obtained (Wiesenthal 181). Tiffany Whigham In reaction to Wiesenthals query proposed in his concluding paragraph of  The Sunflower, I believe that I would have also been deeply disturbed by the imagery of the large, piercing eyes of the child gazing upon you as if to innocently ask why there is so much calamity encompassing our people. The depiction of the child would most certainly evoke powerful emotions of despair, shame, and anger. Such powerful emotions would most likely compel me to remain silent. To me, remaining silent is much better than condemning another. Judgment and condemnation are Gods responsibilities. As time passed, I am certain that I would begin to feel guilty for being silent. Shame would come upon me as I would recount the missed opportunity that I had to rise above my subhuman existence. Unlike Simon and Arthur, I would not believe that a superman has asked a subhuman to do something which is superhuman (Wiesenthal 66). My personal faith in God influences this belief. Jesus Christ expounded upon the limits of forgiveness when he died on the cross for the atonement of the entire worlds sin. There is no limit to forgiveness and the possibilities are endless, you just have to be willing to put aside selfish desires so that the Holy Spirit can fill your heart with unconditional love. To love is to forgive, and to forgive is to experience existential freedom. Simon was not able to experience this existential freedom. Instead, I fear that his life was consumed by resentment and bitterness. Not only did he devote his entire life to bringing Nazi criminals to justice, but he was tortured by the imagery of the dying soldier for years. Simons resentment is even projected onto the memory of the Nazi soldier, who he envisions having an angry expression in the eyes that were completely hidden by the yellow-tinted bandage surrounding his face (Wiesenthal 78). My query for Simon would therefore be Why continue to bind oneself to the entrapments associated with unforgiveness? . In reaction to the response given by Sven Alkalaj, I whole-heartedly agree that one should forgive but never forget. Erasing painful memories inhibits growth. However, no one should dwell on those painful memories or else he/she may fall victim to an overwhelming sense of bitterness and resentment. The cultural sanction that maturity involves learning from your mistakes (which you cannot learn from without some form of memory) and that too much focus on one event/memory causes an emotional imbalance (or psychosis) influences this belief. Upholding the American ideal that the purpose of government is to indiscriminately protect the life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness of its citizens, I also support Alkalajs notion that there is a national or state responsibility for genocide. In reaction to the response given by Rodger Kamenetz, I disagree that Simon could not forgive the dying man. Despite the fact that he never attempted to connect with Simon on a more intimate level, the dying soldiers heartfelt confession was a sincere repentance that should not be rejected. I agree that disregarding the personal attributes (name, opinion, values, etc. ) of someone is a sign of disrespect. However, that disrespect should not inhibit one from forgiveness. This notion that one should forgive whether or not he or she deserves forgiveness is reflected by my personal faith. Jesus was condemned by his own people, yet he still made the choice to excruciatingly die on the cross for our sins (even though He was fully aware of his impending death). Inspired by this ultimate account of forgiveness, I earnestly believe that no one (no matter how undeserving) should be rejected after sincere repentance. Although I feel I too would have remained silent that day when the soldier begged for forgiveness, I would not have let unforgiveness consume me for years thereafter. Instead, I would have restored inherent beauty to the world by embracing the power of forgiveness.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Community free essay sample

The advantages and disadvantages of Community service or social service as modes of criminal punishment. Community service or social service is a mode of punishment provide by the law which the offender can escape imprisonment or fines. Community service acts as an alternative to the harsh criminal punishment. Generally, community service is handed down by a Judge or magistrate to the first- timer offender or teenage offender. This punishment can also be handed down in the case of minor offences for example traffic violations, petty theft, and other nonviolent offenses. The offender is required to perform unpaid work or other activity in the community under the direction of a probation officer or supervisor. Among the community work undergo by the offender are cleaning up roadside or parks, attending educational programs and presenting speeches and seminars concerning the negative effect of crime. The community work may be a specific community service which imposed a particular service, depending on the types and degrees of the offences. We will write a custom essay sample on The Advantages and Disadvantages of Community or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For instance, offender of littering will have to clean a park so that he understands the effect of littering, thus change his perception towards littering. Meaning to say, community service is designed to ensure that the guilty party is punished in some way other than simply paying a fine which can be nothing in the way of a deterrent. Many individuals convicted of a crime and have to pay a fine simply done the same offence again and this leads only to their continual committing of crime. The community service is imposed for a specific period which measured by hour of service. The hours imposed is vary, depending on the nature of the offence. Community service is a healthy alternative mode of punishment and has lots of dvantages. It is seen to benefit a country and the government in so many ways. Firstly, community service provide for less expensive punishment compared to imprisonment. It takes a lot of money to send a person to Jail. In United Kingdom, it costs EIOO per day to keep a low-risk drug-addicted offender in Jail and E37,500 for sending a person to prison for one year. In contrast, only E3,OOO is needed to send a person to one year of community rehabilitation order. On average, sending a person to prison is 12 times higher than sending a person to community service. Prisons round the world are facing the same problem which is overcrowding prison. More prisoners means more foods and more security is needed. The increase in the numbers of prisoners subsequently increases the cost for running the prison. So, based on the facts, community service is a great way to cut government cost on punishing offenders as it provide for the less expensive approach with similar effect and helps in reducing the overcrowding problem in prison. Consequently, the money saved can be used for development thus improve the living of the country. Secondly, community service is healthier than imprisonment. This is because, community service offer help to the offenders to rehabilitate themselves more effectively than in something back to the community as prove that they have change. By doing so, the offenders will have small risk of reoffending neither in the number of crimes nor the seriousness of the crimes. If the offender is stuck in the 68 feet cell, the offender will have limited resources to help him rehabilitate. Furthermore, putting a first time offender with minor offence in the same room with big time criminal for quite sometimes will negatively affect the first time offender in term of his thinking towards rimes. So, separating the offender is a way to avoid an escalation in deviant behavior when new offenders are mixed with hardened criminals. Next, community service benefits the courts as it provide sentencing alternatives for the courts in making judgment so the courts are not bound to only impose imprisonment or fines. Moreover, the offenders will be placed where their skills and interest can be maximized for community benefit. By doing so, the offenders have greater chances to rehabilitate and repel. It will also help in preventing and reducing the social stigma oward the offenders. Social stigma can be defined as severe social disapproval of personal characteristics or beliefs that are perceived to be against cultural norms. In this context, social stigma can be referred to the negative perception of the public toward the offenders. Protection from social stigma is important for young and new offenders as it help to build confident for rehabilitate purpose. Social stigma has great potential in forcing the offenders to commit the same or other serious offences. Community service provides a Just punishment to the offenders. In cases which nvolve monetary penalty, for instances fine, compensation or restitution, it is not practical to fine a person who does not have the capacity to pay the fine due to financial problem such as limited salary. This is where community service comes in as incapability to pay the fine is not an excuse to escape punishment. However despite the advantages, such punishment has defects of its own. Community service is often being regarded as a waste of time. This is because the time taken for the offenders to complete a service is too long and sometimes unreasonable. For example, a traffic offender needs to work unpaid for 100 hours ver a $100 fines. This situation is seen to be an impractical and unproductive method in favor of the offender because the time use for the work can be used for the offender to improve his living. Moreover, the long hours of community service may affect the offender normal life as he needs to Juggle his life with the service. Community service is not an adequate punishment for the offenders. This is because community service is not harsh enough to educate and rehabilitate the offenders compare to imprisonment. Community service is only seen as a ticket to escape imprisonment. Many argued that offences punishable with community service do not really ample together. In some cases, the punishment of community service imposed is to kind towards the offenders. Such punishment will only result the offenders to re- offence as the consequences of the guilty act are minor. Then, the administration of community service requires administrative oversight that may exceed the capacity of the non-governmental organizations to provide. If the agencies of community service where the offenders serve do not have the capacity to provide required punishment, the rehabilitation of the offenders will be affected. Thus little chances of recovery for the offenders and later lead to re-offending. Community service sends the exposure may result in stigmatization towards the offenders. Negative perception from public will affect the offenders psychology in recovering from the offences. It will bring the morale and confident of the offenders down. At the time of recovering, confident and support of the community are important for successful recovery. Unfortunately, community service will expose the offenders to public and the higher the risk of stigmatization. In conclusion, community service can be seen as great ethod of punishment as it gives the offenders the opportunity to give something back to the community.